Abiathar was the high priest during the time of King Saul and David. He was a descendant of Eli. According to 1 Samuel 14, Eli the priest begot Phinehas (Eli's son), and Phinehas begot Ahitub (Phinehas's son) and Ichabod.
1 Samuel 14:3Between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over to the Philistines’ garrison, there was a rocky crag on the one side, and a rocky crag on the other side: and the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh.
이 아히둡의 아들로 아히야를 기록하고 있는데, 다른 본문에서는 아히멜렉으로 기록되어있어, 이 둘이 동일인인지, 형제관계인지는 명확하지 않다.
1 Samuel 22:11Saul said, “Hear now, you son of Ahitub.” He answered, “Here I am, my lord.”
1 Samuel 22:20Abiathar told David that Saul had slain Yahweh’s priests.
1 Samuel 23:6Saul was told that David had come to Keilah. Saul said, “God has delivered him into my hand; for he is shut in by entering into a town that has gates and bars.”
그리고 이 아히멜렉의 아들이 아비아달로, 엘리의 후손이다. 다윗이 사울왕을 피해 도망갈 때, 무기로 골리앗의 칼을 건네주며 도와주었다.
1 Samuel 21:7David said to Ahimelech, “Isn’t there here under your hand spear or sword? For I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king’s business required haste.”1 Samuel 21:8The priest said, “Behold, the sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you killed in the valley of Elah, is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod. If you would like to take that, take it; for there is no other except that here.” David said, “There is none like that. Give it to me.”1 Samuel 21:9David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath.
이 일이 후에 사울의 귀에 들어가게 되었고, 사울왕은 그 이유로 놉땅의 제사장 85명을 죽였는데, 유일하게 살아남아 다윗에게로 피신하였다.
1 Samuel 22:9He inquired of Yahweh for him, gave him food, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.”1 Samuel 22:10Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father’s house, the priests who were in Nob; and they all came to the king.1 Samuel 22:11Saul said, “Hear now, you son of Ahitub.” He answered, “Here I am, my lord.”1 Samuel 22:12Saul said to him, “Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, in that you have given him bread, and a sword, and have inquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as it is today?”1 Samuel 22:13Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, “Who among all your servants is so faithful as David, who is the king’s son-in-law, captain of your body guard, and honored in your house?1 Samuel 22:14Have I today begun to inquire of God for him? Be it far from me! Don’t let the king impute anything to his servant, nor to all the house of my father; for your servant knows nothing of all this, less or more.”1 Samuel 22:15The king said, “You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you, and all your father’s house.”1 Samuel 22:16The king said to the guard who stood about him, “Turn, and kill the priests of Yahweh; because their hand also is with David), and because they knew that he fled, and didn’t disclose it to me.” But the servants of the king wouldn’t put out their hand to fall on the priests of Yahweh.1 Samuel 22:17The king said to Doeg), “Turn and attack the priests!” Doeg the Edomite turned, and he attacked the priests, and he killed on that day eighty-five people who wore a linen ephod.1 Samuel 22:18He struck Nob, the city of the priests, with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and nursing babies, and cattle and donkeys and sheep, with the edge of the sword.1 Samuel 22:19One of the sons of Ahimelech, the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.1 Samuel 22:20Abiathar told David that Saul had slain Yahweh’s priests.
그 후에 다윗이 왕이 되자, 사독과 함께 제사장이 되었다.
2 Samuel 8:17Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and David’s sons were chief ministers.
압살롬이 반역을 일으켰을 때에도, 다윗의 편에 서서 다윗을 도왔다.
2 Samuel 15:24The king said to Zadok, “Carry God’s ark back into the city. If I find favor in Yahweh’s eyes, he will bring me again, and show me both it, and his habitation;2 Samuel 15:25but if he says, ‘I have no delight in you;’ behold, here I am. Let him do to me as seems good to him.”2 Samuel 15:26The king said also to Zadok the priest, “Aren’t you a seer? Return into the city in peace, and your two sons with you, Ahimaaz your son, and Jonathan the son of Abiathar.
1 Kings 1:7But Zadok the priest, Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and the mighty men who belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.
그러나 솔로몬이 왕위를 계승하게 되어, 아나돗으로 추방되었다. 솔로몬은 그가 부친 왕과 함께 생사고락을 같이한 점을 참작하여 죽이지 않고 살려줬다. 이렇게 됨으로써 엘리제사장에게 임한 하나님의 징계가 완성되어, 그 후손은 대제사장의 자리에서 끊어지게 되었다.
1 Kings 2:26So Solomon thrust Abiathar out from being priest to Yahweh, that he might fulfill Yahweh’s word, which he spoke concerning the house of Eli in Shiloh.1 Kings 2:27This news came to Joab; for Joab had followed Adonijah, although he didn’t follow Absalom. Joab fled to Yahweh’s Tent, and held onto the horns of the altar.
그리고 대제사장으로 사독을 임명하게 된다.
1 Kings 2:35The king sent and called for Shimei, and said to him, “Build yourself a house in Jerusalem, and live there, and don’t go anywhere else.