The ephod is a part of the vestments worn by the high priest.
Exodus 28:6It shall have two shoulder straps joined to the two ends of it, that it may be joined together.Exodus 28:7The skillfully woven band, which is on it, shall be like its work and of the same piece; of gold, blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen.Exodus 28:8You shall take two onyx stones, and engrave on them the names of the children of Israel.Exodus 28:9Six of their names on the one stone, and the names of the six that remain on the other stone, in the order of their birth.Exodus 28:10With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, you shall engrave the two stones, according to the names of the children of Israel. You shall make them to be enclosed in settings of gold.Exodus 28:11You shall put the two stones on the shoulder straps of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Israel. Aaron shall bear their names before Yahweh on his two shoulders for a memorial.Exodus 28:12You shall make settings of gold,Exodus 28:13and two chains of pure gold; you shall make them like cords of braided work. You shall put the braided chains on the settings.Exodus 28:14“You shall make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skillful workman; like the work of the ephod you shall make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, you shall make it.
특히 하나님의 뜻을 물을 때 쓰는 제비인 우림과 둠밈이 담긴 주머니를 가리키는 듯하다.
Exodus 28:15It shall be square and folded double; a span shall be its length, and a span its width.Exodus 28:16You shall set in it settings of stones, four rows of stones: a row of ruby, topaz, and beryl shall be the first row;Exodus 28:17and the second row a turquoise, a sapphire, and an emerald;Exodus 28:18and the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;Exodus 28:19and the fourth row a chrysolite, an onyx, and a jasper. They shall be enclosed in gold in their settings.Exodus 28:20The stones shall be according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names; like the engravings of a signet, everyone according to his name, they shall be for the twelve tribes.Exodus 28:21You shall make on the breastplate chains like cords, of braided work of pure gold.Exodus 28:22You shall make on the breastplate two rings of gold, and shall put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate.Exodus 28:23You shall put the two braided chains of gold in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate.Exodus 28:24The other two ends of the two braided chains you shall put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod in its forepart.Exodus 28:25You shall make two rings of gold, and you shall put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on its edge, which is toward the side of the ephod inward.Exodus 28:26You shall make two rings of gold, and shall put them on the two shoulder straps of the ephod underneath, in its forepart, close by its coupling, above the skillfully woven band of the ephod.Exodus 28:27They shall bind the breastplate by its rings to the rings of the ephod) with a lace of blue, that it may be on the skillfully woven band of the ephod, and that the breastplate may not swing out from the ephod.Exodus 28:28Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment on his heart, when he goes in to the holy place, for a memorial before Yahweh continually.Exodus 28:29You shall put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be on Aaron)’s heart, when he goes in before Yahweh. Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel on his heart before Yahweh continually.Exodus 28:30“You shall make the robe of the ephod all of blue.
1 Samuel 23:9Then David said, “O Yahweh, the God of Israel, your servant has surely heard that Saul seeks to come to Keilah, to destroy the city for my sake.
1 Samuel 30:7David inquired of Yahweh, saying, “If I pursue after this troop, will I overtake them?” He answered him, “Pursue; for you will surely overtake them, and will without fail recover all.”
사사기에서는 하나님의 뜻을 구하는 원래 목적에서 벗어나 그 자체가 우상으로 쓰인것으로 보인다.
Judges 8:27So Midian was subdued before the children of Israel, and they lifted up their heads no more. The land had rest forty years in the days of Gideon.
Judges 17:5In those days there was no king in Israel. Everyone did that which was right in his own eyes.
Judges 18:17When these went into Micah’s house, and took the engraved image, the ephod, the teraphim, and the molten image, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”
Judges 18:20So they turned and departed, and put the little ones, the livestock, and the goods before them.