Jephthah was a judge of Israel. He achieved a great victory in the war against the Ammonites. ### Jephthah's Background Jephthah was from the region of Gilead and is considered to be of the tribe of Manasseh.
Numbers 26:29These are the sons of Gilead: of Iezer, the family of the Iezerites; of Helek), the family of the Helekites;
Judges 12:7After him Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel.
Judges 11:1Gilead’s wife bore him sons. When his wife’s sons grew up, they drove Jephthah out and said to him, “You will not inherit in our father’s house, for you are the son of another woman.”Judges 11:2Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Outlaws joined up with Jephthah, and they went out with him.
여기서 입다의 가족이 머물렀던 길르앗 지역은 길르앗(지명)에서 알 수 있듯이 요단강의 동쪽 지방, 므낫세 반 지파 의 땅으로 암몬 족속과 닿아있는 지역이다. 입다는 여기서 쫓겨나 길르앗 보다 더 동쪽인 돕 지방에 머물렀다고 나와있으니 이 지역은 거의 이스라엘 경계를 벗어나 암몬 지역에 속한 곳에 가까울 것으로 추측된다.
Judges 11:3After a while, the children of Ammon made war against Israel.
당시에는 이스라엘 민족의 우상숭배함으로 인해 하나님의 징계를 받아 암몬 족속으로부터 침략을 계속해서 당하던 중이었다.
Judges 10:6Yahweh’s anger burned against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of the Philistines and into the hand of the children of Ammon.Judges 10:7They troubled and oppressed the children of Israel that year. For eighteen years they oppressed all the children of Israel that were beyond the Jordan in the land of the Amorites, which is in Gilead.Judges 10:8The children of Ammon passed over the Jordan to fight also against Judah, and against Benjamin, and against the house of Ephraim, so that Israel was very distressed.Judges 10:9The children of Israel cried to Yahweh, saying, “We have sinned against you, even because we have forsaken our God, and have served the Baals.”Judges 10:10Yahweh said to the children of Israel, “Didn’t I save you from the Egyptians, and from the Amorites, from the children of Ammon, and from the Philistines?
Judges 11:4When the children of Ammon made war against Israel, the elders of Gilead went to get Jephthah out of the land of Tob.Judges 11:5They said to Jephthah, “Come and be our chief, that we may fight with the children of Ammon.”Judges 11:6Jephthah said to the elders of Gilead, “Didn’t you hate me, and drive me out of my father’s house? Why have you come to me now when you are in distress?”Judges 11:7The elders of Gilead said to Jephthah, “Therefore we have turned again to you now, that you may go with us and fight with the children of Ammon. You will be our head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.”Judges 11:8Jephthah said to the elders of Gilead, “If you bring me home again to fight with the children of Ammon, and Yahweh delivers them before me, will I be your head?”Judges 11:9The elders of Gilead said to Jephthah, “Yahweh will be witness between us. Surely we will do what you say.”Judges 11:10Then Jephthah) went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and chief over them. Jephthah spoke all his words before Yahweh in Mizpah.Judges 11:11Jephthah sent messengers to the king of the children of Ammon, saying, “What do you have to do with me, that you have come to me to fight against my land?”
Judges 11:11Jephthah sent messengers to the king of the children of Ammon, saying, “What do you have to do with me, that you have come to me to fight against my land?”Judges 11:12The king of the children of Ammon answered the messengers of Jephthah, “Because Israel took away my land when he came up out of Egypt, from the Arnon even to the Jabbok, and to the Jordan. Now therefore restore that territory again peaceably.”Judges 11:13Jephthah sent messengers again to the king of the children of Ammon;
출애굽 당시 이스라엘 민족은 에돔과 모압의 경계를 침범하지 않고 우회해서 이 지역으로 들어왔는데, 그 당시 이 지역은 암몬 족속의 땅이 아닌 아모리 족속의 땅이었으며, 하나님이 아모리 족속을 이스라엘에게 붙여 그 왕 시혼도 죽임을 당하고 이 지역을 300년동안이나 이스라엘 민족이 다스리고 있음을 주장한다. 그러나, 애초에 암몬의 왕은 침략을 목적으로 일으킨 전쟁이기에 그 말을 듣지 않는다.
Judges 11:14and he said to him, “Jephthah says: Israel didn’t take away the land of Moab, nor the land of the children of Ammon;Judges 11:15but when they came up from Egypt, and Israel went through the wilderness to the Red Sea, and came to Kadesh,Judges 11:16then Israel) sent messengers to the king of Edom, saying, ‘Please let me pass through your land;’ but the king of Edom didn’t listen. In the same way, he sent to the king of Moab, but he refused; so Israel stayed in Kadesh.Judges 11:17Then they went through the wilderness, and went around the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they encamped on the other side of the Arnon); but they didn’t come within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab.Judges 11:18Israel sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, the king of Heshbon; and Israel said to him, ‘Please let us pass through your land to my place.’Judges 11:19But Sihon didn’t trust Israel) to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and encamped in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.Judges 11:20Yahweh, the God of Israel)), delivered Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel, and they struck them. So Israel possessed all the land of the Amorites, the inhabitants of that country.Judges 11:21They possessed all the border of the Amorites, from the Arnon even to the Jabbok, and from the wilderness even to the Jordan.Judges 11:22So now Yahweh, the God of Israel), has dispossessed the Amorites from before his people Israel, and should you possess them?Judges 11:23Won’t you possess that which Chemosh your god gives you to possess? So whoever Yahweh our God has dispossessed from before us, them will we possess.Judges 11:24Now are you anything better than Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab? Did he ever strive against Israel, or did he ever fight against them?Judges 11:25Israel lived in Heshbon and its towns, and in Aroer and its towns, and in all the cities that are along the side of the Arnon for three hundred years! Why didn’t you recover them within that time?Judges 11:26Therefore I have not sinned against you, but you do me wrong to war against me. May Yahweh the Judge be judge today between the children of Israel and the children of Ammon.”Judges 11:27However, the king of the children of Ammon didn’t listen to the words of Jephthah which he sent him.Judges 11:28Then Yahweh’s Spirit came on Jephthah), and he passed over Gilead and Manasseh, and passed over Mizpah of Gilead, and from Mizpah of Gilead he passed over to the children of Ammon.
Judges 11:29Jephthah vowed a vow to Yahweh, and said, “If you will indeed deliver the children of Ammon into my hand,Judges 11:30then it shall be, that whatever comes out of the doors of my house to meet me when I return in peace from the children of Ammon, it shall be Yahweh’s, and I will offer it up for a burnt offering.”Judges 11:31So Jephthah passed over to the children of Ammon to fight against them; and Yahweh delivered them into his hand.Judges 11:32He struck them from Aroer until you come to Minnith, even twenty cities, and to Abelcheramim, with a very great slaughter. So the children of Ammon were subdued before the children of Israel.Judges 11:33Jephthah came to Mizpah to his house; and behold, his daughter came out to meet him with tambourines and with dances. She was his only child. Besides her he had neither son nor daughter.Judges 11:34When he saw her, he tore his clothes, and said, “Alas, my daughter! You have brought me very low, and you are one of those who trouble me; for I have opened my mouth to Yahweh, and I can’t go back.”Judges 11:35She said to him, “My father, you have opened your mouth to Yahweh; do to me according to that which has proceeded out of your mouth, because Yahweh has taken vengeance for you on your enemies, even on the children of Ammon.”Judges 11:36Then she said to her father, “Let this thing be done for me. Leave me alone two months, that I may depart and go down on the mountains, and bewail my virginity, I and my companions.”Judges 11:37He said, “Go.” He sent her away for two months; and she departed, she and her companions, and mourned her virginity on the mountains.Judges 11:38At the end of two months, she returned to her father, who did with her according to his vow which he had vowed. She was a virgin. It became a custom in IsraelJudges 11:39that the daughters of Israel went yearly to celebrate the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite four days in a year.Judges 11:40that the daughters of Israel went yearly to celebrate the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite four days in a year.
즉, 입다의 딸이 "처녀로 죽음"을 애곡했다는 것을 들어, 입다의 딸이 결혼하지 않은 채로 하나님의 성전에서 하나님을 섬기는 일을 수행한 것으로 해석하는 것이다. 이는 한나가 아들 사무엘을 바친 것과 동일한 개념으로 적용될 수 있다.
이 전투에서의 승리를 가지고 에브라임 지파가 시비를 걸어온다. 원래 에브라임 지파는 에브라임(요셉의 아들)의 후손으로 에브라임의 형제였던 므낫세(요셉의 아들)의 후손인 므낫세 지파와는 친밀한 관계였을 것이다.
([여호수아(눈의 아들), [사무엘 모두 에브라임 지파이며, 북 이스라엘 왕국의 첫 왕도 에브라임 지파에서 나왔다)
Judges 12:1Jephthah said to them, “I and my people were at great strife with the children of Ammon; and when I called you, you didn’t save me out of their hand.
Judges 12:2When I saw that you didn’t save me, I put my life in my hand, and passed over against the children of Ammon, and Yahweh delivered them into my hand. Why then have you come up to me today, to fight against me?”Judges 12:3Then Jephthah gathered together all the men of Gilead, and fought with Ephraim)). The men of Gilead struck Ephraim, because they said, “You are fugitives of Ephraim, you Gileadites, in the middle of Ephraim, and in the middle of Manasseh.”
Judges 12:4The Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. Whenever a fugitive of Ephraim)) said, “Let me go over,” the men of Gilead said to him, “Are you an Ephraimite?” If he said, “No;”Judges 12:5then they said to him, “Now say ‘Shibboleth;’ ” and he said “Sibboleth”; for he couldn’t manage to pronounce it correctly, then they seized him and killed him at the fords of the Jordan. At that time, forty-two thousand of Ephraim) fell.Judges 12:6Jephthah) judged Israel six years. Then Jephthah the Gileadite died, and was buried in the cities of Gilead.
Judges 12:7After him Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel.
Hebrews 11:32who through faith subdued kingdoms, worked out righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,
Joshua 15:43Keilah, Achzib, and Mareshah; nine cities with their villages.