므리바(Meribah) 는 "다툼"이라는 의미의 단어로, 출애굽 당시 광야에서 물이 모자르게 되자 백성들이 모세와 하나님을 원망했던 곳을 말한다.
Rephidim 근처의 지역으로 모세가 바위를 치자 물이 나왔다. 모세는 이 곳 이름을
맛사 라고도 하였다.
1 All the congregation of the children of Israel traveled from the wilderness of Sin, starting according to Yahweh’s commandment, and encamped in Rephidim ; but there was no water for the people to drink.
2 Therefore the people quarreled with Moses , and said, “Give us water to drink.” Moses said to them, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test Yahweh?”
3 The people were thirsty for water there; so the people murmured against Moses , and said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt , to kill us, our children, and our livestock with thirst?”
4 Moses cried to Yahweh, saying, “What shall I do with these people? They are almost ready to stone me.”
5 Yahweh said to Moses , “Walk on before the people, and take the elders of Israel with you, and take the rod in your hand with which you struck the Nile, and go.
6 Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock in Horeb. You shall strike the rock, and water will come out of it, that the people may drink.” Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel .
7 He called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah , because the children of Israel quarreled, and because they tested Yahweh, saying, “Is Yahweh among us, or not?”
가데스 므리바
성경에는 그런데,
Kadesh 근처의 한 지역에도 므리바라고 나오는데, 이 지역에서도 모세에게 백성들이 원망하고 불평했기 때문이다.
1 The children of Israel , even the whole congregation, came into the wilderness of Zin in the first month. The people stayed in Kadesh . Miriam died there, and was buried there.
2 There was no water for the congregation; and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron .
3 The people quarreled with Moses , and spoke, saying, “We wish that we had died when our brothers died before Yahweh!
4 Why have you brought Yahweh’s assembly into this wilderness, that we should die there, we and our animals?
5 Why have you made us to come up out of Egypt , to bring us in to this evil place? It is no place of seed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pomegranates; neither is there any water to drink.”
6 Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the assembly to the door of the Tent of Meeting, and fell on their faces. Yahweh’s glory appeared to them.
7 Yahweh spoke to Moses , saying,
8 “Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, you, and Aaron your brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it pour out its water. You shall bring water to them out of the rock; so you shall give the congregation and their livestock drink.”
9 Moses took the rod from before Yahweh, as he commanded him.
10 Moses and Aaron gathered the assembly together before the rock, and he said to them, “Hear now, you rebels! Shall we bring water out of this rock for you?”
11 Moses lifted up his hand, and struck the rock with his rod twice, and water came out abundantly. The congregation and their livestock drank.
12 Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron , “Because you didn’t believe in me, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel , therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land which I have given them.”
13 These are the waters of Meribah ; because the children of Israel strove with Yahweh, and he was sanctified in them.
이 때 모세는 백성에게 성급하게 분노하여 반석을 두번을 친다. 이 일로 하나님은 모세에게 노하셨고, 결국 모세는 가나안 땅으로 들어가는 것을 허락받지 못했다.
성경에서는 이 지역을 '가데스의 므리바'로 기록하여 구별하는 듯이 보인다.
because in the strife of the congregation, you rebelled against my word in the wilderness of Zin, to honor me as holy at the waters before their eyes.” (These are the waters of Meribah of Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin.)
because you trespassed against me among the children of Israel at the waters of Meribah of Kadesh , in the wilderness of Zin; because you didn’t uphold my holiness among the children of Israel.
Ezekiel (Bible) 에서는
므리봇 가데스 ,
므리바가데스 로 표현되었다.
“The south side southward shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth Kadesh, to the brook, to the great sea. This is the south side southward.
“By the border of Gad, at the south side southward, the border shall be even from Tamar to the waters of Meribath Kadesh, to the brook, to the great sea.
그러나 고린도전서에 보면 유대인들의 전설로 출애굽 당시 이스라엘 백성을 따라다니는 반석이 있었다고 나온다. 즉, 르비딤과 가데스에 어느 한 지역에 있는 반석을 모세가 쳐서 물이 나온 것이 아니라, 그 당시 신비한 반석이 있어 이 반석이 백성들을 따라다녔고, 거기에서 물이 나왔던 것으로 추측할 수도 있다.
(여기서는 백성들에게 늘 생수를 제공하는 생수의 근원이자, 반석이신 예수그리스도를 상징한다.)
1 Now I would not have you ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea;
2 and were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea;
3 and all ate the same spiritual food;
4 and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank of a spiritual rock that followed them, and the rock was Christ.